As a critical infrastructure for natural gas peak shaving and supply security, the operational safety of salt cavern gas storage facilities is directly linked to the stability of energy supply. During gas injection and production in such storage facilities, issues including alternating stress, gas-water interface migration, and caprock sealing performance impose extremely high requirements on monitoring technologies. Distributed optical fiber sensing technology demonstrates unique advantages in salt cavern gas storage due to its long-term, continuous and distributed monitoring capabilities.
In a salt cavern gas storage project of Huabei Oilfield, ZITN Microelectronics adopted an external tubing-bound optical fiber installation process, permanently fixing Φ6.35 mm steel tube optical cables to the outer side of the tubing string to achieve long-term static temperature monitoring. At the packer penetration points of the optical cables, dedicated optical fiber splicing and encapsulation pup joints were applied to ensure the reliability and sealing performance of downhole cabling.
During monitoring, the DTS system collects real-time temperature field data across the entire wellbore, and inversely derives the gas-water interface position and dynamic changes in gas storage capacity through temperature variations. The DAS system synchronously monitors acoustic signals in the wellbore to identify caprock micro-leakage and wellbore integrity anomalies. Since installation, the system has operated continuously and stably, providing critical data support for the optimization of injection-production schemes and safe operation of the gas storage facility.
In addition, ZITN has also developed an annular pressure detection technology for gas storage injection-production wells. By freely deploying optical cables inside the tubing and combining joint analysis of DTS and DAS, the technology accurately locates annular leakage points and channeling paths. Applications in multiple gas storage wells have verified the long-term reliability of this technology under alternating stress conditions.
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